Providian Trust Essay

Business Context/Key Business Drivers Providian Trust delivers financial and fiduciary services to clients across 216 branches. In an industry built on servicing clients, many of Providian Trust’s trust officers had 20-30 years of experience with the company and managed clients at a personal level. The trust officers had total control over what was sent to the client, including generation of financial statements. Control of the financial statements often resulted in a 2-3 month lag in statement delivery, a slower turnaround time compared to competitors. Additionally, trust officers often discounted or waived client fees for late or inaccurate statements, costing the company an estimated $2 – $5 million dollars per year. The institutional custody business was becoming technology intensive, and from the client’s perspective, Providian Trust had outdated reporting systems. In response to client demand, Providian Trust embarked on an initiative to upgrade their systems and change the way they serviced th eir clients. Initiative Objectives/Benefits To better serve their clients, Providian Trust started a large information technology project within the trust division. The objective of the project was to convert their outdated information system into a more efficient, trust and custody management system. Initiative leader, Michael LeBlanc, also wanted to address issues between the back office and front office, issues Providian Trust experienced for years. He convinced the Providian Trust board that the new software (Access Plus) would support a redesign of business processes. After board approval, the project scope included a system implementation and business process redesign. Providian Trust expected annual savings of approximately $9.2 million from this project. In addition to the estimated annual savings, the initiative expected the following benefits: Initiative Challenges Leadership * Inadequate member selection for Steering committee * A key leader of the field was not selected, intensifying political tension within the group * Impact: Â  * Ineffective executive sponsorship and lack of leadership guidance for the project * Implementation Committee (made up of junior people) took on Steering Committee responsibility. Implementation Committee was unaware of their role and responsibilities associated with it (e.g. are they responsible for the success of the project?). Unrealistic Timeline * Project timeline to deliver technology infrastructure and train employees was not sufficient * Many employees did not have the proper computer skills to operate a PC. PC skills were a pre-requisite for the success of Access Plus. * Clients were expecting changes as a result of the software implementation, but the field did not even have PCs or PC skills to operate the new technology * Impact: * User audience not prepared for implementation training, adoption is at risk * Risk of not meeting client expectations Project Team Selection * Proper resources were not identified for the project team * The project team was mostly made up of individuals from the Operations department that only represented a portion of the processes the initiative would impact. * The IT group selected to implement the technological changes did not have experience implementing an information technology initiative of this magnitude * Impact: * Lack of implementation experience puts technology implementation at risk * Lack of user group representation affects accuracy of business processes being changed * Employees are not fully supportive of the project since they were not represented Risk Management * Risks not handled appropriately * In multiple instances, the project team was notified of risks by senior management. Project Team did not address risks directly. Instead, they handled the topics one-off. * Project team did not handle risk of insufficient testing * Impact: * Risks not addressed impact success of project * Sufficient testing is not conducted. It is unknown whether the system can handle the information volume Results I do not expect this initiative to be successful. Inadequate planning, poor resource selection and an undefined vision put the project at risk for failure. From the beginning, there was a lack of due diligence across many levels of the project. The employees involved in the project were not selected appropriately. Junior employees who lacked experience were making project decisions, decisions that would have a significant impact on the company and the way they do business. Additionally, user representation on the project team was low, impacting the accuracy of business processes and also impacting user support and adoption of the initiative. It was evident that Providian Trust lacked strong executive leadership on the project which did not send a good message to the field. Lack of executive support will impact the adoption of new business processes. At the end of the day, if the users do not adopt the system or the new business processes, it will impact clients and clients are the central focus in this service-focused industry. Relevance and Analysis In my experience, if the project vision is not defined and the project team selection is not right, the foundation for the project is unstable. Providian Trust was operating with an inexperienced project team that lacked executive sponsorship. Executive sponsorship is a key support component to a project team, especially if the team is inexperienced. Executive support and guidance would have impacted the decisions being made and made this initiative more successful. Providian Trust underestimated the amount of training that was needed for this initiative. Success of the project was highly dependent on user adoption, something that was not addressed adequately. Providian Trust decided to take a Train the Trainer approach for this initiative. Trainers were trained 8 months before the implementation. A lot can change with 8 months remaining in a project and it is likely that training topics covered would have changed in the 8 months left of the project. Further, many employees did not have PCs and others did not have PCs for enough time to learn basic computer skills that would serve as a foundation to learn Access Plus. From a financial perspective, only 3% of the net investment was dedicated to training. In an initiative that introduces so much change into an organization that is historically resistant to change, user training needs to be a top priority. In my experience, Train the Trainer approaches are effective when trainers are sufficiently trained and there is strong leadership support. Both of these elements were missing at Providian Trust. This case reminded me of the importance of a defined project vision, leadership support and proper resource allocation.

Chivalry among men in the novel The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas

The element of chivalry overshadows everything else in Alexandre Dumas's historical romance, The Three Musketeers. The work was set against the background of King Louis VIII's France. It was a time of intrigue, treachery and machinations in high places, an atmosphere in which you could hardly distinguish friend from foe. It was at this juncture that D'Artagnan, the principal character arrives in Paris.When he sets out to seek his fortune in the famed city, as any young man did in those times and still does to some extent, he was armed with only the three things that were given to him by his aging father:They were, a horse as aging as his progenitor, fifteen crowns and a letter of introduction to Monsieur de Treville, captain of the musketeers, the personal guards of the French king. And there follows a story so packed with events that it leaves the readers spellbound.To many, the idea of chivalry seem frivolous, naà ¯ve and very much in vain. It is like taking romanticism to an illo gical conclusion. You have only got to read Don Quixote to remind yourself of this fact. But one comes to the conclusion that there is a flip side to it after all, after reading the swashbuckling heroics of the protagonist and his bosom pals.Although some of their exploits seem somewhat comic and incredulous, the way they were committed endears them to our hearts with the sheer buoyancy, exuberance and spontaneity of those acts. It takes one right back to childhood, when one indulged in the fantasies peculiar to the period, thereby filling us with nostalgia and even dà ©jà   vu.Here, the protagonist also â€Å"Seeks great stature of character by holding to the virtues and duties of a knight, realizing that though the ideals cannot be reached, the quality of striving towards them ennobles the spirit, growing the character from dust towards the heavens.Nobility also has the tendency to influence others, offering a compelling example of what can be done in the service of rightness.à ¢â‚¬  (Price, Brian R. 1997).So the aforementioned negative qualities of chivalry do not in any way detract from the story in the least as we find the protagonist move forward in his onward momentum, in the most chivalrous manner, â€Å"packed with events and exciting dramatic encounters.† (Dumas, Alexandre).For this, indeed, is a story packed with events with the spirit of chivalry leading it ever forward. And watching D’Artagnan move from adventure to mayhem, one is filled with an overwhelming sense of admiration for the perpetrator of all those hair-raising episodes.And before long one is convinced of the fact that the idea of chivalry is not so frivolous and foolish after all, as seemed at first. Although at times it sounds childishly romantic, it has its high points of idealism, even if it is romantic in nature and so not everybody’s cup of tea.For D’Artagnan does follow the kind of chivalry in its original connotations. At every step, he is ‘ guided by the ideals of chivalry, a moral code that has its origins in medieval knighthood.’ (Dumas, Alexandre).And we sit glued to our seats as if are watching an action packed movie. He exhibits almost all the qualities considered necessary by a typical chivalrous person. First and foremost he is guided by the quality of prowess.In every action ‘he seeks excellence in all endeavors he goes through, martial or otherwise. Like a true knight he does not use his strength for personal glory but uses to serve the cause of justice.' (Price, Brian R. 1997).He is also fiercely loyal to the cause and the people whom he seeks to serve. In the novel, he is loyal to his friends, his country and his amour Madame Bonacieux. And like a true knight he fights the forces of evil with all his strength. Thus he battles the villain Cardinal Richelieu and his guards. Yet he has the time to answer the calls of love from the beautiful and enigmatic Madame Bonacieux.His cronies were Athos, Por thos and Aramis. They were with him in all his adventures and escapades throughout the narrative. Strangely enough, they became friends by fighting duels with D’Artagnan on the one hand and the others one after another, on the other.These encounters came to an end when they were confronted by the arch villain Cardinal Richelieu’s guards who, at that juncture and then onwards, became their common enemy. And their common exploits under the leadership of D’Artagnan also became tinted with the codes of chivalry then prevalent throughout the length and breadth of Europe.Another chivalric code of conduct is to fight for justice ‘unencumbered by bias or personal interest.’ ((Price, Brian R. 1997). Accordingly, the four friends wielded the sword in cause of justice while at the same time practicing the fine qualities of mercy and humanity. They fought against the evil Cardinal whose machinations had filled the French court with intrigue, treachery and viole nce.The chivalric code of defense, demands that D’Artagnan and company also should defend their liege lord, in this case the king of France. But here there is a deviation and object the D’Artagnan’s fealty falls on the queen instead of the king by a quirk of circumstance. ‘The Musketeers join forces to protect the honor of the Queen, to help her conceal her affair with Buckingham, and to help her to arrange meetings with him.This may seem like a relatively trivial matter to most modern readers when compared to the urgencies of the political situation of the time, but according to the code of chivalry and honor that the Musketeers believe in, fostering true love is of the highest importance.’In this work the hero achieves his goals through pride honor and determination. A true gallant always defends his honor whatever be the cost of doing so. For this he is ready to die if necessary.

Changing social diversity in the United States Essay Example for Free

Changing social diversity in the United States Essay As USA is a land of opportunities, millions of people of different origin have migrated to the country and settled there, thus changing the social and cultural diversity of the nation. Children at the young age face problem as they get exposed to two sets of language and culture at school and home. A massive increase in Hispanic population has increased the importance of Spanish language and more businesses related to Spanish have come up. But this Hispanic population has no difficulty in accepting English as their main language. The uniqueness of the immigration is that everybody wants to get integrated into American mainstream. Changing diversity in USA 3 Changing social diversity in the United States As United States is known as the land of opportunities for many decades, millions of people had migrated to this country since long time. It has been mentioned in the website http://www. sedl. org/pubs/sedletter/v12n02/2. html that the make up of the US population has changed so much over the last three decades that the definition of diversity has itself got transformed in the process. It has also been stated that for the first time in the US census held in 2000, individuals were allowed to tick on more than one race in the form. Due to this change in diversity, cultural and socioeconomic factors are now becoming increasingly important while interacting in the society. The website http://www. naeyc. org/about/positions/pdf/psdiv98. pdf deals with the problem children faces in schools due to increased linguistic and cultural diversities. To quote from the above mentioned website, â€Å"At younger ages, children are negotiating difficult transitions between their home and educational settings, requiring an adaptation to two or more diverse sets of rules, values, expectations, and behaviors. † If the child forgets his home language, it may cause disruption in family communication methods. Thus families are facing increasingly complex responsibilities. The website http://knowledge. allianz. com/en/globalissues/demographic_change/gender_diversity/hispanics_integration_us. html states that there has been a massive growth in Hispanic population in the USA and most of them have accepted English as their main language. But the importance of Spanish is also growing as many newspapers have come up in Spanish and Hispanic related businesses are growing in the United States. Changing diversity in USA 1) Responding to Linguistic and Cultural Diversity Recommendations for Effective Early Childhood Education; in National Association for the Education of Young Children adopted November 1995; Retrieved on 13th March 2009 from the website < http://www.naeyc. org/about/positions/pdf/psdiv98. pdf > 2) A Changing Nation: The Impact of Linguistic and Cultural Diversity on Education by Kathleen Trail ; SED letter Volume XII Number 2 December 2000; Retrieved on 13th March 2009 from the website 3) Ethnic Business in a Changing America, Allianz Knowledge Partner site, published on September 11, 2007; Retrieved on 13th March 2009 from the website < http://knowledge. allianz. com/en/globalissues/demographic_change/gender_diversity/hispanics_integration_us. html > Changing social diversity in the United States. (2017, Feb 20). We have essays on the following topics that may be of interest to you

Week 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 7 - Essay Example The war adventure certainly does not live up to his expectations, as he is wounded on his leg and just when he recovers, he is attacked by a bout of jaundice, that spoils his vacation plans. Finally, he leaves the war behind and moves on to lead a new life. Evidently, fate had something else in store for him. In the earlier times, wars were glorious events, as they signified undying love for one’s motherland and the voluntary ability of sons of the land to surrender their precious lives for their nation. However, today, it has been reduced to mere numbers! Machines and war equipment operate instead of men, though the opponents are men. It is simply not a one-to-one equation and this reduces the sanctimonious characteristic that was once attributed to war heroes! 3. In A Farewell to Arms, Ernest Hemingway in reaction to WWI rhetoric, writes, â€Å"I was always embarrassed by the words sacred, glorious, sacrifice and the expression in vain. We had heard them, sometimes standing in the rain almost out of earshot, so that only the shouted words came through, and had read them, on proclamations that were slapped up by billposters over other proclamations, now for a long time, and I had seen nothing sacred and the things that were glorious had no glory and the sacrifices were like the stockyards at Chicago if nothing was done to the meat except to bury it. There were many words that you could not stand to hear and finally only the names of places had dignity. Certain numbers were the same way and certain dates and these with the names of places were all you could say and have them mean anything.† What do you think he means? Do you agree or disagree with his sentiments? The author attempts to convey the fact that for a soldier, after a point of time, the value for life and the very essence

The Concept of Liberty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Concept of Liberty - Essay Example They re used to derive property implictions nd to solve philosophicl problems ssocited with this conception of liberty. In the following pper I would like to discuss the concept of liberty s it is presented by severl reserches. First I will define the generl concept of liberty s it is viewed by the generl socil community, then I will discuss the views of severl uthors s for the liberty concept. Finlly I Will mke the conclusions nd summrize the reserched pper. 'Liberty', in its most generl sense, signifies the bsence of some sort of constrint on something. The topic here is interpersonl liberty: the bsence of initited constrints on people by other people; or, more precisely, people intercting voluntrily without constrining, interfering with, or imposing upon ech other - except to prevent or redress initited constrining, interfering, or imposing. s 'imposing' seems the most generl of these terms, I shll stick with tht s long s it withstnds criticism. Positively inititing n imposition on nother is to be contrsted here with merely withholding ssistnce, or with defense or redress (so not just nything tht nyone else might do could be described s 'imposing'). This sense of 'liberty' is supposed to be the opposite of subjection nd oppression: it is individul sovereignty. It is bout the voluntry interction of persons rther thn selfish individulism, s its detrctors sometimes misrepresent it. This is the liberty of libertrinism, clssicl liberlism, nd much - though not ll - common sense. s fr s I cn tell, no one hs hitherto provided n dequte ccount of liberty in this sense. This filure is prticulrly striking nd ironic mong those clling themselves 'libertrins'. I shll ttempt cler, or t lest clerer, wy of expressing this ide tht is cpble of deling with vrious problems.number of reserches nd politicins in different wys interpret the concept of liberty. I will tke look t severl of them so tht them in my further reserch. Isih Berlin presents two concepts of liberty through which he plces the freedom of judgment in reltionship to them, nd lys out some dvntges of liberty bsed on judgment over the other two concepts. One wy of tking Berlin's distinction is to mke it debte over the importnce of politicl prticiption. Berlin himself llows for number of other wys to put the distinction, but describes the centrl issue dividing the two concepts s follows: Liberty in [the negtive] sense is principlly concerned with the re of control, not with its source. Just s democrcy my, in fct, deprive the individul citizen of gret mny liberties which he might hve in some other form of society, so it is perfectly conceivble tht liberl-minded despot would llow his subjects lrge mesure of personl freedom. Self-government my, on the whole, provide better gurntee of the preservtion of civil liberties thn other rgimes, nd hs been defended s such by libertrins. But there is no necessry connexion between individul liberty nd democrtic rule. The nswer to the question "Who governs me" is logiclly distinct from the question "How fr does government interfere with me" It is in this difference tht the gret contrst between the two concepts of negtive nd positive liberty, in the end, consists (Berlin, 2002). Mny hve red Berlin s n updted version of Benjmin Constnt, who put mtters similrly. Constnt distinguished between the liberty of the ncients nd the liberty of the moderns, sying tht "n Englishmn, Frenchmn, nd citizen of the United Sttes" understnds liberty to

Self-pity as a Dominant Emotion in Sor Juana's Reply to Sor Filotea de Research Paper

Self-pity as a Dominant Emotion in Sor Juana's Reply to Sor Filotea de la Cruz - Research Paper Example . Some of her works include This Sex Which Is Not One, Empenos De Una Casa (The Trials of a Household), Primero Sueno (first dream), Carta Atenagorica and Respuesta a Sor Filotea (response to Sor Filotea). In her response to Sor Filotea De La Cruz, Sor Juana brings out the dominant emotion, pity that reveals her feeling about the states of affairs in the society at that point in time. Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz wrote Respuesta a Sor Filotea (response to Sor Filotea) in Spain. This was a reply to Sor Filotea De La Cruz (Cruz and Rappaport 314). Throughout the reply, we find heavy groveling to the feet of the bishop with apologies that include explanations of the pains that De La Cruz goes through at that time. Sor Juana wrote the reply at a time when her society favored men to women. Women were seen as incompetent and an inferior group in the society. They were given subordinate roles and were supposed to be submissive to men. Sor Juana was motivated by the betrayal of women in the soc iety. She wrote with the intention of inspiring women not to succumb to the unfair treatments they were subjected to by the society (Cruz and Rappaport 314). One major aspect that Sor Juana used to push her idea forth was irony. Throughout the reply, she has used irony as her most important tool. Perhaps it was influenced by the place of a woman in the society. For example she states that, â€Å"†¦The first and to me the most insuperable is the question of how to respond to your immensely learned, prudent, devout, and loving letter† (De la Cruz 39). She uses this to show her feelings towards the dreadful deed that the bishop had done. She uses this ironical statement to show that despite the fact that the society thinks of women as stupid and incompetent people, they are intelligent and knowledgeable. Sor Juana decided to show her intelligence though a polite manner often apologizing and taking the submissive role just as a woman was supposed to behave (Cruz and Rappapor t 314). Women were not allowed to talk. They were to do what men told them to do. De La Cruz says, â€Å"†¦I.  .  .  was sorely tempted to take refuge in silence. But as silence is a negative thing, though it explains a great deal through the very stress of not explaining, we must assign some meaning to it that we may understand what the silence†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (De la Cruz 8). In the reply, Sor Juana tells the reader about the ways in which the society was determined to ensure that women remained helpless. The society did this by ensuring that it bound and suppressed them by maintaining a male dominant environment. The society discouraged women from attending school because they were supposed to sit at home, do home chores and take care of children. In her reply, Sor Juana shows that she had the desire to learn but the society could not support her because she was a woman. She says that, â€Å"no teacher besides books themselves.† (De la Cruz 53) She had to study bo oks on her own without the help of teachers. On the other hand boys of her age went to school and were taught be teachers. It is because of her intelligence and hard work that she managed to pursue her goals. Sor Juana shows the reader the struggle she passed through teaching herself several subjects that she lists throughout the text. (De la Cruz 53). The society did not allow women to be educated or put their ideas in writing. The society did not find anything useful that women would write. Her reply clearly shows the society’s position on the right of women to study and their courage to affirm

Music in The Baroque Period Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Music in The Baroque Period - Essay Example Human beings have songs designated for every occasion. Sometimes, it is a mark of ecstasy and sometimes it becomes a pedigree of classicism. There are innumerable genres of music across the globe which has evolved in different ages at different parts of the world. One such classical genre of music is Baroque music and it refers to a precise style of European classical music which tentatively extends from the period 1600 to that of 1750 (Jamini, D., â€Å"Harmony And Composition: Basics to Intermediate†). The era is followed by the renaissance era and the classical era follows the Baroque period. The word â€Å"baroque† has evolved from the Portuguese word â€Å"barroco† which stands for the meaning â€Å"misshapen pearl† (Clark, S., â€Å"Music Theory and Natural Order from the Renaissance to the Early Twentieth Century†). The meaning of the word stands for a negative description pertaining to ornate and heavily ornamented music of the period which was listened and performed. Also, it is being studied at a wider scale. The music from the baroque period is instrumental in composing a major portion of the canon pertaining to classical music. General Information Regarding the Music from the Baroque Period The music from the baroque period can be chronologically divided into three neat eras namely, Early Baroque Music extending from 1600 to 1654, Middle Baroque Music extending from 1654 to 1707 and Late Baroque Music extending from the years 1680 to 1750. The prominent composers of the Baroque era who have pioneered the music include the names of the illuminating luminaries like  Johann Sebastian Bach,  George Frideric Handel,  Alessandro Scarlatti, Antonio Vivaldi,  Georg Philipp Telemann,  Jean-Baptiste Lully,  Arcangelo Corelli,  Claudio Monteverdi,  Jean-Philippe Rameau  and  Henry Purcell (Arton, â€Å"Baroque Composers and Musicians†). The major technical transition that took place in the music of the Baroque period is that it witnessed the development of the functional tonality. During the Baroque period, the composers and performers started initiating wider and elaborate musical ornamentation. Major changes were also incorporated in the notation and its procedure and major development in playing new instrumental techniques were also evolved in the area of music during this period. Music during the Baroque period considerably and consistently expanded size, range, and the complex features of the instrumental performance. At the same time, the establishment of opera as a genre of music also took place in the world of classical European music. Interestingly, many musical terms pertaining to the technical and instrumental aspects of the music from this period are used elaborately even in the contemporary times. History of the Music of Baroque Period To begin with the history of the music from Baroque, it is evident to discuss the history of the name in the first place and then a brief overview of the three major eras in the music history and finally to culminate in to the transition of the music form the Baroque period to the Classical era preceding it and its influence after 1760. Music of the Baroque Period from 1600 to1654 To begin with the trajectory of music in the Baroque period, one must focus on the division of the Baroque period and Renaissance period. Baroque period began in Italy along with the formation of Folrentine Camerata. Florentine Camerata is referred to a group of humanist which comprised of poets and musicians along with

Organizational Behavior under Radical Change Term Paper

Organizational Behavior under Radical Change - Term Paper Example Even the smallest businesses are now targeting the global market. This can be seen as an advantage as new markets have been opened by the real challenge is to keep up with the drastic changes taking place. According to ArauÃŒ jo (2011) business and the corporate world have to be keen with the changes in their industries and the world as a whole to ensure that they are able to come up with relevant strategies to measure up with the changes. The technology today is advancing at the highest rate ever and this has led to emergence of other concepts and aspects like the social media, globalization among others. While this happens, people from all over the world are now in a position to study and learn about global issues related to business and this has led to emergence of more qualified and skilled professionals from all corners of the world who can work effectively in any company. New degree courses have been introduced in universities that train and equip students on issues to deal with international issues like International business management and accounting among others. Communication has been simplified with the social media but most importantly is the growth of global languages like English which has eradicated linguistic barriers. According to Thomas et al. (2013) the corporate world in the 21st century has been exposed to new opportunities as well as challenges. New markets have been created for businesses and mo re qualified people can now be access from any part of the world. The corporate world has equally been transformed in the past two decades. However, the transformation has not been an overnight occurrence that saw companies being upgraded like software. Instead, companies have been forced to develop new strategies and plans that will help them remain relevant in an ever changing market and industry. The companies have been affected in three main areas; technology; globalization, internet and social media; and education. When talking

Gender and Migration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Gender and Migration - Essay Example Recently, temporary migration is the primary method of international migration particularly for the Asian women. The author has explored a number of probable causes of the migration of women traditionally. Poverty has conventionally been considered as the fundamental cause of the feminization of migration, but the scanty number of female migrants from the low-income countries like Bangladesh compliments this perception. High unemployment rate is also falsified as a driving factor for the feminization of migration because Pakistani women’s representation is minimal in the global migrating women despite the fact that they are less than half as employed as Pakistani men in number. In fact, numerous push and pull factors are working simultaneously. Religion is also not always the determinant of the female migration pattern. Even the network approach does not offer sufficient explanation for the origination of migration. Household roles significantly depict and impact the migration pattern. This book aims at making an integrative approach to determine the causal factors for Asian women’s migration. To accomplish this, the author simultaneously uses the method of agreement and the method of difference to identify the driving factors for Asian women’s migration. The author analyzes the state’s role at the macro level and the women’s autonomy and power of decision making at the micro level. Using social legitimacy, the author will tend to draw a link between the globalization forces and individual autonomy and state policy. The author has identified a very unique topic to explore. Yes, there is an obvious difference between the numbers of female migrants among various Asian countries. I believe that the difference primarily originates in culture. Factors that control Asian women’s migration on the second and third level are religion and need respectively. Asian countries vary in their culture. Countries like

Financial crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial crisis - Essay Example Compared to the traditional savings deposit, this 3% is way higher which explains why a lot of depositors and investors put their money in WMPs. The reason why WMPs have higher interest yields is because they are tied up with riskier bank loans of intermediaries. WMPs are also not held in bank’s balance sheets which means that that there are no capital set aside for them during defaults. Shadow banking creates a vicious cycle because intermediaries or trust companies also loans out to a companies which in turn can also deposit back to a bank which will again transfer it to an intermediary. Such money will again be recycled except that a certain portion of it held through the mechanism of RRR or reserve requirement ration (which is really just liquidity ratio) which is portion of the loan that must be withheld from loaning out. This cycle is vicious because a $10 deposit can be loaned for $8 to another company which can again deposit it to a bank which will again loan it out for $6.4 where the same amount diminishes in the cycle. In the process, the investor is guaranteed a 3% return for the deposit. This kind of banking is not sustainable in the long run. Shadow banking in China is US equivalent of credit swap which is tied up to riskier loan. In China’s shadow banking, WMP’s are tied up intermediaries riskier loans which are not registered in company’s balance sheets and therefore not backed up by capital in case of default. In the US, credit swaps are credits lumped together with riskier loans such as subprime mortgage and then sold to another entity. The principle are the same except that US credit swap is riskier to China’s shadow banking which only guarantees a 3% return on WMPs credit swap contains subprime loans that are almost certain to default. This shows that both system is not sustainable in the long run because of the risk involved and the investments not guaranteed by capital for potential

Molar Mass of Oxygen Essay Example for Free

Molar Mass of Oxygen Essay Applying the individual % of elements in Water to the molar mass Conclusion____________________________________________________________ In conclusion the experimental value of the molar mass of oxygen is. To achieve this result, we wrote the chemical reaction, compared the ratio of mole between and, find the mole produced by water using the formula, calculate the molar mass from the mol value, calculate the % of individual elements in water, and finding oxygens molar mass from the overall molar mass. Analysis Evaluation ___________________________________________________ -In analysis, our results show an unreasonable result. The majority of the failure is from the volume result. From Avogrados law we know that. As such, because the average volume (0.051 L) was low, the mol resulting from it is also low. A small mol results in a large Mr value, or in our case the Mr of Oxygen is too high. -Another point to that is that if the experiment was assuming r.t.p, our results prove to be incorrect again. If we compared the mol, the actual mol results of andusing the ideal gas laws is different than if we calculated using normal Stoichiometry. From Stoichiometry, the actual mol of is, and if we compared it to a ratio of 2:2, the actual mol value of is also 0.138 mol. However in our experiment using the gas law, our mol result was. Again this is due to the fact of the low amount of volume recorded. -In addition to that point, from the section to: Calculate molar mass of Water using the mass of Hydrogen Peroxide , another flaw to the experiment was the amount of uncertainty in the result. From the section we apply the law of conservation of mass stating that no mass is created or destroyed. Or in this experiments case, most of the mass decomposes into Oxygen gas and finally results in the volume of water displaced from the process. However as shown from the low amount of volume our group collected, this can result in two conclusions. The first conclusion is that most of the oxygen gas that eventually turns into the volume of water left is lost to the surroundings (from the test tube openings) OR the second conclusion is that our group did not wait long enough and thus lost some potential volume results. -To evaluate, the major flaw to the experiment was the value of the data collected. Part of the reason was because we used Vaseline as a tool to reduce the amount of energy (in the form of the Oxygen gas) to the surroundings. Vaseline is a good measure to do so, however a better alternative is probably to increase the number of trials, to have a more close system that may significantly reduce the uncertainties, and to maybe reduce the length of rubber tube (by reducing the length of rubber tube the amount of water left is reduced). References IB- Foundation books. Raymond Chang (pg: 87, 181, 182, 191.etc)

How to Succeed in (or Flunk Out of) College Essay Example for Free

How to Succeed in (or Flunk Out of) College Essay How to Succeed in (or flunk out of) College Everyone has hopes and dreams to succeed in college, but things don’t go as plan all the time. As a result it can cause you not reach your highest potential. It’s hard for some to make the transition from High School to College because having complete freedom to do whatever you like can be a task within itself. For example deciding when and how long you stay in a particular class and things of that nature. So there is much more to explain and guide you along how to make the best of your college experience and also succeed in the classroom. So let’s begin. Being successful in college is harder than you think; first you have to figure out which school best suit you as a person and the career of your choice. Then you must set up certain classes that are in respectful time frame that’s suitable for you and will help you attain your degree. Also you must learn where each class location around the college campus. Once you have achieved those tasks this is where the real work begins. Meaning preparing yourself for the long hours of studying and writing ten page term papers. In addition there are ways that you can fail in college also. For example, not being prepared for class and not being on time. Also not having your work done in the correct time frame it has to be done within. Also letting other things affect you meaning if you having problems with your roommates or partying too much and not making sure your studies are not taking care of before you do whatever that you want to do. In closing, there are plenty of ways to fail in college and plenty of ways to succeed also. Yes, you might be excited that you are able to come and go as you please but you also need to know when to have fun and when it’s time to hit those books and study. There is no step by step process because everyone is different and is able to do things that others may not be able to do. All things considered you can learn from people that been there and have been in your shoes and take the information that is giving you and used it in your own way.

Navigation v Conventional Techniques for Orthopaedic Surgery

Navigation v Conventional Techniques for Orthopaedic Surgery Bone Cutting, Soft Tissue Balancing; Cup Implant, Leg Length Discrepancy: Navigation vs. Conventional technique. Introduction In last decade, navigated implantation has become very popular and used in diverse areas of orthopaedic surgeries. This may be in total knee prosthesis, total hip arthroplasty and to restore leg discrepancies. All above surgeries require an accurate alignment of the implant, which is essential for implants long term survival. This is evident from the fact that in total knee replacement (TKR) surgeries proper bone cutting is necessary [1], total knee arthroplasty (TKA) requires correct soft tissue balancing [2], appropriate implantation of cup and stem in total hip arthroplasty (THA) [3], correcting leg discrepancies in total hip replacement (THR) [4]. Navigation system developed improves the reproducibility over conventional methods and assists surgeons with data for optimal position of implant to each individual patient. [2, 3] It was hypothesized that navigation assisted technique would result in achieving bone cut accuracy, better soft tissue balancing, good implant of cup and stem and enhanced joint reconstruction and control in leg length discrepancy as compared to conventionally used methods. Methods To test positioning time and bone cut accuracy in total knee replacement (TKR). Study involved 40 patients (23 females, 17 males) assigned randomly to TKR surgery using either conventional (n=20, mean patient age= 67.3 years) or Pivotal (n=20 mean patient age= 69.1 years) cutting blocks. Primary indication for surgical treatment was osteoarthritis (n=36), rheumatoid arthritis (n=3) and secondary posttraumatic gonarthrosis after tibial plateau fracture (n=1). All cases had posterior stabilized system with standard patellar component. The surgical approach used was medial parapatellar (n=8) or midvastus (n=32) approach. The implants used during the process were Scorpio PS (n=7), Scorpio Flex (n=20), Next Gen LPS (n=10) and LPS Flex Mobile bearing systems (n=4) fixed to bones by pins and screws. Accurate positioning was obtained by using navigation system. Block position was finalized by surgeon using this navigation system. Statistical differences in time and cut angles were measured by Mann-Whitney test (two-tailed; SPSS for Windows, Version 11.5). The significan ce level was set at p ≠¤0.05 for all analyses. [1] To test soft tissue balancing in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The study included 120 patients [navigation assisted gap-balancing (n=60); conventional resection technique (n=60)], enrolled and randomized using computer-generated numbers. An inclusion criterion was substantial pain and loss of function due to osteoarthritis of knee, with any degree of genu varum deformity. An exclusion criterion was genu valgum deformity, earlier knee surgery that required removal of metallic implant, or revision of TKA. Four patients were lost to follow up and therefore excluded from study. All surgeries were done by single surgeon. Both patient groups showed no significant differences in terms of demographic characteristics, knee functions, preoperative hospital-for-special-surgery (HSS) scores and degree of preoperative deformity. Follow up period was minimum 24 months post-surgery (mean follow up = 28 months). Surgical technique was similar in all patients consisting of midline skin incision and a medial parapatellar approach. Gap measurement was done at full extension and at 90à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ of flexion on medial and lateral sides of knee joint and defined as medial extension gap (MEG), medial flexion gap (MFG), lateral extension gap (LEG), and lateral flexion gap (LFG).Clinical outcome assessment was measured by HSS and ranges of motion (ROM) scores at latest follow up. All patients went through pre and post-operative (3months after surgery) standing radiographic assessment of AP and lateral views of entire lower limb. Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney U tests was used for comparison of four variables in study, postoperative post-operative mechanical axes, HSS scores, and ROMs, between the two groups. The chi-square test was used for comparison of proportion of outliers (trapezoidal gaps) in symmetric gap and mechanical axis. [2] To Test good implant of cup and stem in Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) The study involved 84 patients in two groups Navigated (42) Nonnavigated (42), with surgeries performed by investigator. Implant position was evaluated in post-operative anteroposterior radiography 2-3months after index surgery. Pelvic radiographs were taken in standing position of patient. Operated hip joints classified on basis of preoperative radiographs in three subgroups: Group 1: preoperative leg shortening (>5 mm); Group 2: preoperative leg length equality ( ±5 mm); Group 3: preoperative lengthening of the operated leg (>5 mm). Projected values for caput collum diaphysis (CCD) classified in three subgroups: 135 °. If any change in leg length was measured using distal line between teardrop figure and proximal corner of the lesser trochanter as an anatomical landmark. Scaling of pre and post-operative radiographs was distance between two teardrops and the head diameter of the hip replacement. Radiographic cup positions were measured for inclination with respect to teardrop line. All surgeries were done when patient was in 30 ° to 45 ° position. Any complication aroused during intraoperative and post operation was documented. General data (CCD angle, age, BMI) for both groups were compared as per Mann-Whitney U test for nonparametric values and chi-square test for distribution of operated leg, gender and indication. [3] To Test enhanced joint reconstruction and control in leg length discrepancy Retrospective study involved 44 patients divided in two groups A (n=22; navigation/computer assisted THR) B (n=22; conventional free hand THR). Inclusion criteria involved patients with BMI 2 cm), or a major deformity of the femoral head or neck were excluded from study. Each patient in group A was matched in group B. This matching was done on basis of age (max difference +3 years), sex, arthritis level, preoperative diagnosis, and preoperative limb length discrepancy (max difference. + 0.3 cm). The length of involved limbs was less than or equal to that of the contralateral limb in all cases. The two groups were also compared according to hip function and number of postoperative dislocations. The same posterolateral approach was made to the hip joint in both groups, and the same prosthesis was used in all cases. The duration of surgery was documented. Digital radiographs (as per standardised protocol using same magnification) were used for pre and post-operative measurements of li mb length discrepancy and femoral offset. Radiographs were repeated if any mistake detected and these radiographs were assessed by independent radiologist blinded to original procedure. All episodes of hip dislocation were documented. At minimum follow-up of 3 months clinical outcome was evaluated using Harris Hip score. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS for Windows Release 11.0. Differences between two groups were measured using independent Students t-test or Mann-Whitney nonparametric test depending on the data distribution of the continuous variables. [4] Results Pivotal block consumed approximately half the time to adjust saw blade and perform proximal tibial and anterior and femoral resections as compared to conventional block. Statistically significant difference was observed in Pivotal and conventional blocks with respect to angular difference between instrument slots and resultant bone cuts in frontal plane. Also, Pivotal blocks eliminated angular differences >1à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢. [1] The mean intraoperative gap in conventional resection technique group for MFG (medial flexion gap) was significantly greater (24  ± 3 mm) than navigation assisted (NA) gap-balancing (22  ± 3 mm) (p = 0.028), but other three gaps (LFG, MEG, and LEG) did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.167, 0.693, and 0.471, respectively). Statistical significant difference was seen in terms of kind of gaps in both groups: NA group, 88% (53 knees) -rectangular gaps and 12% (7knees)-trapezoidal gaps. Whereas in conventional group 75% (42 knees) -rectangular gaps and 25% (14knees) had trapezoidal gaps. Greater difference in medial gap difference (MGD; MFG-MEG) outliers in conventional group (23%) than NA group (5%) (p = 0.025). No difference was noticed in average postoperative mechanical axis of lower limb between NA and conventional group (1à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢  ± 2à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ vs. 1à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢  ± 3à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢; p=0.558). Greater number of outliers were seen in m echanical axis (>183à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ or Statistical difference was noted in patient’s age at time THA, with p value slightly below 0.05. Significant difference was seen during radiologic analysis of cup position {Non-navigated: 53 °, SD 8.1; Navigated: 44 °, SD 5.6, p135 °. No implant related or navigation technology related complications and no joint dislocations in both groups were noted. [3] There was no statistically significant difference in patient demographics. In both groups preoperative limb length discrepancy, no significant differences were noted. (0.9 cm navigation/computer assisted THR vs. 1.1cm free hand/conventional THR). Mean surgical time was 102.6 min, comparatively longer in navigation/computer assisted THR than free hand/conventional THR (87.7 min) Statistically significant difference was seen in mean postoperative leg length discrepancy of 0.4 cm in navigation/computer assisted THR to that of 0.8 cm (free hand/conventional THR). There were no cases of postoperative cases with leg length discrepancy > 1.0 cm >2.0 cm for navigation/computer assisted THR. However, in 9% cases (2patients) postoperative cases with leg length discrepancy > 1.0 cm was noted and 3patients (13.6%) had postoperative over lengthening mean of 0.4 cm in Free hand/conventional THR group. Recreation of femoral offset better in navigation/computer assisted THR than free hand/conventio nal THR group. Preoperative and postoperative femoral offset difference less in navigation/computer assisted THR than free hand/conventional THR, which was statistically significant. No statistically significant differences in Harris Hip Score in both groups. [4] Discussion The comparison of patient groups in navigated and non-navigated techniques may be a possible method for obtaining useful information regarding various orthopaedic surgeries. In our studies long term survival of prosthesis can be improved by accurate positioning of implant. This can save time and improve accuracy of the procedure. Klima, 2008 showed pivotal blocks used during surgery improved bone cuts and reduced time for positioning and adjustment by nearly 50%. In addition, navigation technique used allowed initial positioning to be achieved in 5-10 seconds. Also, navigation system indicated that all patients were within 3à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ in frontal plane angular bone cut deviations of ideal mechanical axis. Conventional blocks used were found to be associated with some degree of motion during insertion of pins, but this was not the case with pivotal blocks. [1] Lee. et al, 2010 showed, soft tissue balance can be achieved by having equal extension and flexion gaps after bone cutting and no inclination between medial and lateral bony surfaces. Any error in bone cutting can affect overall postoperative mechanical alignment and quickening of wear process. In study it was found that use of navigation guided gap balancing technique improved in creating accuracy of rectangular space between bones as compared to conventional measured resection technique. Only 12% (7 of 60 patients) in navigation TKAs had outliers of >3mm either medially or laterally in extension gap or 90à ¡Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ flexion were seen as compared to conventional TKAs (25%) [14 of 56 patients]. As compared to earlier studies, this study had outliers of the medial and lateral compartments together. There was no significant gap differences (FGD, EGD, and LGD) in both navigation assisted and conventional groups, in spite of that navigation guided technique proved to be more reliabl e in attaining equal joint gaps as there were small proportion of outliers in that group. Significant difference was seen in medial gap difference (MGD) in two groups. There were limited outliers in MGD observed and moreover navigation technique can be easily reproduced as compared to conventional technique, so this prevents unnecessary any over release of medial soft tissue during TKA. In addition, navigation system helped surgeon in correcting any kind of deformed alignment. Clinical outcomes were similar to both groups even though navigation group showed more accurate gap balancing than conventional group. This can be attributed to the fact that relatively small amount of asymmetry in soft tissue balancing in conventional group. Also, both groups had relatively short term follow up and inaccurate scoring system. The study had several limitations: during gap measurement patella was in laterally everted position, which is not anatomically correct. Ligament balancing was not taken i n consideration. Gap measurements was done by surgeon who performed operation in the study, this may have led to bias. [2] In a study by Mainard, 2008 showed that comparing navigated and non-navigated techniques can lead to information about benefits and any improvement required for position of implant. In this study, there was a clear and significant improvement of acetabular cup positioning by use of THA navigation. In both methods average total limb lengthening of operated joint was below 10mm (9.2 mm Non-navigated, 8.5 mm Navigated ), i.e. below clinical relevance value and comparable to other studies (mean lengthening 7mm). Mean post-operative limb discrepancy is close to 5 mm (6.2mm Non-Navigated; 4.4mm Navigated) comparable to 3.9 mm in other study with patient pool of 420. This study however had several limitations: retrospective in nature; Measurements of implant position are less accurate than CT based measurements; Radiologic and ante-version taken in standing positions with anteroposterior radiographs (not to exceed deviation of 5 mm compared with CT); Limb length data of un-operated hip join t is small (+ 1.3 mm- navigated ; -1.3mm – nonnavigated); Cup position measurements unimproved as patients radiograph is not in standing position; No change in leg lengthening data using navigated or non-navigated technique. [3] In a study by Confalonieri, et al, 2008 showed that to resurface hip arthroplasty short stem prostheses is an attractive alternative option with same selected indications. In this study 22 patients in each group were match paired using same modular short stemmed femoral component. Strict criteria were adhered to achieve the match. At minimum follow up of 3 months after surgical intervention results showed computer navigation provided better results in correction of limb length discrepancy and restoring original offset. However, there were few limitations associated with the study: Retrospective; patients were not randomized; short follow up; small number of cases in each group (hence, no clinical difference detected and findings for improvement in dislocation risk). [4] Conclusion From above studies it can be concluded that given correct indications navigation guided technique is a minimally invasive surgical option and is significantly better than conventionally used technique in orthopaedic surgeries which proves our original hypothesis. Though it might take a little longer time but can give better and improved results in bone cutting, soft tissue balancing, acetabular implant and correction of limb length discrepancy and restoring original offset depending on patient anatomy. Further research in this area is still directed. References Klima S, Zeh A, Josten C; Comparison of operative time and accuracy using conventional fixed navigation cutting blocks and adjustable Pivotal TM cutting blocks; Computer Aided Surgery, July 2008; 13(4): 225–232. Lee DH; Park JH; Song DI; Padhy D; Jeong WK; Han SB; Accuracy of soft tissue balancing in TKA: comparison between navigation-assisted gap balancing and conventional measured resection; Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc (2010) 18:381–387. Mainard D, Navigated and Nonnavigated Total Hip Arthroplasty: Results of Two Consecutive Series Using a Cementless Straight Hip Stem; Orthopedics; Oct 2008; 31 (10); 22-26. Confalonieri N; Manzotti A; Montironi F; Pullen C; Leg Length Discrepancy, Dislocation Rate, and Offset in Total Hip Replacement Using a Short Modular Stem: Navigation vs Conventional Free-hand; Orthopedics; Oct 2008; 31 (10); 35-39. 1

Running :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this study, I investigate the affects that running has on reducing the risk of some health problems. I am doing this because I run about 40 to 60 miles per week, and my family has a history of health problems. For instance, my grandfather suffered a heart attack, and he also had cancer when he was about the age of 50. Furthermore, my grandfather, on my dad’s side of the family, has also had triple bi-pass heart surgery from a heart attack he has had recently.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Here, I present information from some sources that talk about the affects that running has on reducing health risks. My sources agree that running, and some other aerobic exercises, reduce the risk of: Diabetes, diverticular disease, heart decease, several types of cancer, and even common sicknesses like a cold.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One source agrees that running reduces the risk of diabetes. Jim Harmon writes, in Sports Illustrated, about Bruce Leonard, a marathoner with a masters degree in public health. Bruce Leonard went to study the Zuni Indian tribe. This tribe has had a bad history of diabetes until they started to run. Leonard said, After the Zuni tribe started running, â€Å"many Zuni were able to reduce or eliminate their diabetes medication.†(5)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My research also reveled that diverticular disease can be reduced in men that run. For instance, Marty Munson and Teresa Yeykal writes in the article â€Å"Outrun trouble† which says, â€Å"guys who racked up the most ours doing vigorous exercise reduced their risks of diverticular decease by a third.†(38) They also say â€Å"it’s good advice to make your lifestyle to consume high fiber.†(38) I found that running can also reduce the risk of heart disease. The article â€Å"Run for your life† talks about Mitchell H. Whaley, the director of adult physical fitness program at Ball State University. He analyzed data collected from a group of men, which included runners. Mitchell Whaley found that â€Å"individuals with low aerobic capacity have a higher risk of developing premature coronary artery decease that those who were more fit.†(47) The article also talks about Martha L. Slattery, Ph.D., from the University of Utah Medical School. Maria Slattery also found that running is a good preventive measure for heart disease. She says, â€Å"The greatest increase in protection was between those men who were sedentary and those who had some activity.†(48)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another source I found says that running can help prevent many types of cancer. In the article â€Å"Running for your life†, Doctor Leonard Cohen talks about how running helps reduce colon,

Stem Cell Research is Murder :: Argumentative Essay, Argument

The stem cell research controversy is one of the major headlines in bioscience and has been discussed and debated numerous times throughout the last decade or so. It became a major issue in 1997/1998 and continued to the 2000’s where George W. Bush joined to the problem by vetoing the first bid that was brought forward by Congress to lift funding restrictions on human embryonic stem cell research. Bush stated after the veto that, â€Å"would support the taking of innocent human life in the hope of finding medical benefits for others† and also he stated â€Å"It crosses a moral boundary that our decent society needs to respect†. Bush was also supported by children that he said, â€Å"began his or her life as a frozen embryo that was created for in vitro fertilization (in vitro means the technique of performing an experiment in a controlled environment outside of a living organism) but remained unused after the fertility treatments were complete†¦ These boys and girls are not spare parts†. Later on that year, Bush signed a bill to ban the creation of human fetuses for the sole purpose of harvesting organs. Soon a fter, the House proposed another bill that they had hoped him to sign to promote efforts to conduct stem cell research without destroying human embryos. Bush had called it â€Å"an important piece of legislation†, but several politics said that it would distract attention from his veto for the funding for human embryonic stem cell research. Researchers and officials say that about 400 000 frozen embryos are stored at several U.S. fertility clinics with the vast majority await removal because couples that have produced these embryos do not want to raise them and also don’t want another person(s) to raise their biological child. One problem that I think is an issue in the stem cell debate is the destruction of the stem cells and how it’s practically the same thing as destroying a human being. I don’t believe that researchers and scientists should continue using embryonic stem cells for research because we are obviously not finding a cure for human diseases yet although for animals we are, it’s just not right to destroy a human being if we cannot find treatments for major diseases within a decade or so.

Comparing Franz Kafka and Gregor Samsa in The Metamorphosis Essay

Similarities between Franz Kafka and Gregor Samsa in The Metamorphosis It is unusual to say the least to open a book and the first line is about the main character waking up as a large insect. Most authors’ use symbolism to relate the theme of their work, not Franz Kafka. He uses a writing method that voids all aspects and elements of the story that defy interpretation. In doing this, he leaves a simple story that stands only for an objective view for his own thoughts and dreams. Kafka focuses the readers’ attention on a single character that symbolizes himself and his life, not Everyman as some authors do. This method is displayed in most of his literary works. To understand how this method is recognized, readers must study the author’s background during the period of writing and basic history to understand this author’s motive. In his short story, â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, there are multiple similarities between Kafka’s true life and Gregor Samsa’s. Before the similarities are displayed, the justifications behind this premise are as follows. Kafka’s works demonstrates the use of a self-nulling reference system in order to void possibilities of critics attempting to use hermeneutics (Thiher, 50). Hermeneutics is the methodology of interpretation. Examples of this method can be found throughout the story in the use of the realistic and unrealistic elements intertwined in different situations. â€Å"Kafka’s Metamorphosis validates contradictory readings that cancel coherent interpretation,† is a quote by confirmed critic Gavriel Ben-Ephraim(451). A specific example can be located in Part I, when Gregor attempts to rise from bed and fails. He thinks to himself, â€Å"What a job I’ve chosen.† In truth, he did not h... ..., Gavriel. â€Å"Making and Breaking Meaning: Deconstruction, Four-level Allegory and The Metamorphosis.† Midwest Quarterly. 35 (1994): 450-67. Sources Consulted â€Å"Franz Kafka/The Metamorphosis.† Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database. Corngold, Stanley, ed. Oct. 2002.New York U. 21 Oct. 2002. . â€Å"Biography/Franz Kafka.† Literature Research Center. 2002. Thomas Gale Group. 21 Oct. 2002. . Goodwin, Evan. â€Å"little blue light-Franz Kafka.† little blue light. 6 May 2002. 13 November 2002. . Stephens, J. â€Å"Franz Kafka’s personal life reflected in the Metamorphosis† The Kafka Project. 1999-2002. 13 November 2002. . Comparing Franz Kafka and Gregor Samsa in The Metamorphosis Essay Similarities between Franz Kafka and Gregor Samsa in The Metamorphosis It is unusual to say the least to open a book and the first line is about the main character waking up as a large insect. Most authors’ use symbolism to relate the theme of their work, not Franz Kafka. He uses a writing method that voids all aspects and elements of the story that defy interpretation. In doing this, he leaves a simple story that stands only for an objective view for his own thoughts and dreams. Kafka focuses the readers’ attention on a single character that symbolizes himself and his life, not Everyman as some authors do. This method is displayed in most of his literary works. To understand how this method is recognized, readers must study the author’s background during the period of writing and basic history to understand this author’s motive. In his short story, â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, there are multiple similarities between Kafka’s true life and Gregor Samsa’s. Before the similarities are displayed, the justifications behind this premise are as follows. Kafka’s works demonstrates the use of a self-nulling reference system in order to void possibilities of critics attempting to use hermeneutics (Thiher, 50). Hermeneutics is the methodology of interpretation. Examples of this method can be found throughout the story in the use of the realistic and unrealistic elements intertwined in different situations. â€Å"Kafka’s Metamorphosis validates contradictory readings that cancel coherent interpretation,† is a quote by confirmed critic Gavriel Ben-Ephraim(451). A specific example can be located in Part I, when Gregor attempts to rise from bed and fails. He thinks to himself, â€Å"What a job I’ve chosen.† In truth, he did not h... ..., Gavriel. â€Å"Making and Breaking Meaning: Deconstruction, Four-level Allegory and The Metamorphosis.† Midwest Quarterly. 35 (1994): 450-67. Sources Consulted â€Å"Franz Kafka/The Metamorphosis.† Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database. Corngold, Stanley, ed. Oct. 2002.New York U. 21 Oct. 2002. . â€Å"Biography/Franz Kafka.† Literature Research Center. 2002. Thomas Gale Group. 21 Oct. 2002. . Goodwin, Evan. â€Å"little blue light-Franz Kafka.† little blue light. 6 May 2002. 13 November 2002. . Stephens, J. â€Å"Franz Kafka’s personal life reflected in the Metamorphosis† The Kafka Project. 1999-2002. 13 November 2002. .

Human Rights Essay

In the bible it says being a homosexual or transgender is a sin and therefore isn’t permitted into heaven. People make signs saying â€Å"GOD HATES FAGS†, â€Å"FAGS ARE WORTHY OF DEATH†, yet it also says in the bible god loves everyone, sinner or not. Our society has created this propaganda that homosexuals and transsexuals are horrible people and should be eliminated. This is biased. Now here’s a question. Have we ever stop and thought about how they feel about all this hatred and isolation towards them? They didn’t wake up one day and decided to be gay or dress like the opposite sex they are.In the year of 1998 a major hate crime case set in, the Matthew Shepard trial. Matthew Wayne Shepard, An openly gay American student at the University of Wyoming, was tortured and killed near Laramie, Wyoming on October 1998, only 21 years old. He was attacked on the night of October 6-7 and died five days later, October 12th. Matthew lived a life outside of the sexual norm of our society. As a result of this he was brutally murdered. This case commenced major public reaction all around the world and opened thousands of eyes.This case angered the homosexual societies. Most importantly battered Matthew’s family and changed their lives forever. Matthews’s journey began on December 1st, 1976. He was born to Judy and Dennis Shepard in Casper, Wyoming. Matthew’s father described him as an optimistic and excepting young man. Matthew could relate to almost everyone. He was very approachable, or easy to talk to, always was up for a new challenge, made friends easily, and he had a great passion for equality and always defended people’s differences.Throughout his life, he was always moving schools and traveling. With that being said his experiences fueled his love for traveling and gave him the chance to socialize where ever he went. Matthew had friends all around the world who loved and cared for him. He was a good ki d, didn’t bother anyone, was always friendly, and willing to give a helping hand. That all changed unfortunately while Matthew was on a high school trip in Morocco, he was raped. This caused him to have depression and panic attacks.When he came back from the trip his mother Judy Shepard took him back to Casper, Wyoming. Once back home he was required to take pills for his panic attacks. Matthew then went back to college, but didn’t stay in Casper for long. While in college he met Romaine Patterson and became really good friends with her. They both decide they would transfer to a different college in Laramie. Matthew struggled once he went to Laramie. He lived in the most dangerous part of town, where people didn’t accepted â€Å"gays† and his depression took over. Matthew started to do drugs.It took him a while to dig his way out of this hole he made himself but with the help of Romaine and his parents he made it. Went back to school again and became a fi rst year political science major at the University of Wyoming, in Laramie. One night on October 6 of 1998 he decided he would go to Laramie and get a drink, on his lonesome. He arrived at the fireside lounge. Sitting at the bar alone, just him and his beer, but he had a sudden urge to look over at the pool tables and notices two guys looking at him, quickly he looks away minding his own business.Again he makes eye contact with the two guys, Then goes walking off to the bathroom, as he’s walking away both guys mumble something to each other and follow Matthew. He’s washing his hands when both guys walk in. there’s no paper towels to dry his hands in and that’s when Russell Henderson give Matthew some paper towels and says that they are both gay as well. A sigh of relief for Matthew, They continue to speak and Matthew within a few sentences began to trust them, and eventually asked for a ride home.At the bar Aaron and Russell planned to only rob Shepard, bu t during the trial Aaron Mckinney said as they we’re driving Shepard home Shepard was rubbing his leg and grabbing his genital areas, thus Matthews actions, that is what supposedly caused Aaron to break out and beat Matthew. Mr. Mckinney says that he hit Matthew about 6 times on the head while they we’re driving not to his house but to a remote area. Then once arrived to this place Russell then tied Matthew to a fence, that is when Mr. Mckinney pistol whipped, punched, and kicked Matthew one to many times to the back of his head.Once the job was done, both men left the scene. Eighteen hours later Matthew still alive was found by Aaron Kreifels who mistook Matthew for a scarecrow. Matthew’s face was covered in blood; the only clear spots on his face were the tear drops going down his face. Matt hadn't actually been tied like a scarecrow: when he was approached first by the mountain biker, Aaron Kreifels, and then by Reggie Fluty, the sheriff's deputy who answered Kreifels's emergency call, Matt lay on his back, head propped against the fence, legs outstretched. His hands were lashed behind him and tied barely four inches off the ground to a fencepost.He was then taking to Ivinson Memorial Hospital in Laramie, then to Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins. Shepard suffered a fracture from the back of his head to the front of his right ear. He had severe brain stem damage, which affected his body's ability to regulate heart rate, body temperature and other vital signs. There were also about a dozen small lacerations around his head, face and neck. His injuries were deemed too severe for doctors to operate. Shepard never regained consciousness and remained on full life support.Matt died at 12:53 A. M.  on October 12, 1998, at Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins. Matthew was brutally murdered, and was given no second chance. No one heard his screams, his cries; no one was there to comfort him, he didn’t get to see his family or say good bye to loved ones, no one knew where he went or where he was going, he was gone and no one knew. Just like in Night by Elie Wiesel, no one heard his cries just like Matthew, although he had his father with him, he still felt alone; slowly his soul was beginning to die, just like Matthew slowly died those last five days in the hospital.No one deserves to die by being tortured, and treated as if they were nothing. The life and death of Matthew Shepard changed the way we talk about, and deal with, hate in America. Since his death, Matt’s legacy has challenged and inspired millions of individuals to erase hate in all its forms. Although Matt’s life was short, his story continues to have a great impact on young and old alike. His legacy lives on in thousands of people who actively fight to replace hate with understanding, compassion, and acceptance.

Pepsi Mission and Swot Analysis

Wendy Montagno Mkt-3120-401 Firm Mission Statement PepsiCo. Pepsi has had a long and rich history. The drink was invented by Caleb Bradham, a pharmacist in New Bern, North Carolina. He patented the drink and launched the Pepsi-Cola Company in1902, from the back room of his pharmacy. It developed into a strong franchise system. The dedication of the local Pepsi-Cola bottlers, have provided a solid foundation. Pepsi’s mission has always been to be a responsible corporate citizen. They strive to be the world’s premier consumer products company, focused on convenient foods and beverages.They work at producing financial rewards for its investors. They provide opportunities for growth for their employees and partners. Above all, they make every effort for honesty, fairness and integrity. Pepsi states their vision on their website as â€Å"PepsiCo's responsibility is to continually improve all aspects of the world in which we operate – environment, social, economic â⠂¬â€œ creating a better tomorrow than today. † They wish to create programs and focus on environmental stewardship to benefit the society. They also want to build shareholder value by becoming a truly sustainable company.Pepsi is the world’s second largest beverage and food company based on its net revenue. In North America it is first largest Beverage and Food Company by net revenue. SWOT analysis of PepsiCo. Internal Strengths One of Pepsi’s strengths is its history with a longtime local home. They also have a long standing loyal customer base. They also stay on top of current technology systems and networks to manage their manufacturing and distribution. Pepsi prides itself on knowing their customers needs to provide excellent customer service and implement global growth. WeaknessesPepsi must keep an eye on chain stores. Chain stores have a lower per-unit cost and can provide a lower price for their items. Pepsi has also had problems with offering new products without having sufficient knowledge of their target demographic. Their size is also a concern. The company is so large that it could lose focus or have internal conflict problems External Opportunities Pepsi needs to utilize the expanding Internet possibilities to better serve their customers. This goes in hand with providing training to their employees as systems become more complicated.They could also better position themselves to provide excellent personal service to compete with box stores since the large store seem to be driven by sales. Threats Pepsi always faces a challenge from their largest competitor, Coke whom has the world’s largest beverage distribution. On the other side they deal with competition from General Mills and ConAgra which are striving to have a larger market share in the snack market. Pepsi also faces the challenge of different regulations and policies set by governments in other countries.

To Eat or Not to Eat

To Eat or Not to Eat In the twenty first century people have managed to clone animals and transplant organs but they still have not managed to cope with many serious diseases. Some of the most widely spread are the eating disorders – such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Even though many people underestimate them, they are extremely dangerous and even fatal. In order to prevent eating disorders, we should learn more about them. First of all, everyone can be affected by such diseases regardless their age, gender, race and place of living.However, the risk is higher, if one`s parents suffered from an eating disorder or if one is engaged with for instance dancing, modelling or cooking. It is worth mentioning that the psychological factor plays a very important role. Many young girls ‘give up’ eating because they want to look like the girls from the fashion magazines and the TV. But something that has started as an innocent diet or a bit of overweight, may destroy one`s health and life. There are a lot of types of eating disorders – the most notorious being anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.Anorexia nervosa is characterised with an extremely strong desire for losing weight and fear of gaining weight. It is believed social and family factors cause that condition. Nowadays society exerts a lot of pressure on people, especially girls and young women, to be thin and good looking. Many start starvation diets and become obsessed with their weight which can easily lead to anorexia nervosa. Most people who suffer from it do not realise that they have a problem and believe they are obese even though their body mass is less than 35kg. One of the most extreme examples is that of Lauren Bailey who dropped below 20kg.Fortunately, she managed to cope with her terrible condition unlike many other women. Bulimia nervosa is characterised with periods of extreme overeating and binging followed by gui lt and depression that usually lead to intentional vomiting. It is another example of eating disorder caused by social and family factors. However, many people who have digestive problems may also suffer from bulimia nervosa. These are people who haven`t found medical solution of their problems and try to find one themselves. This condition may cause more problems with the digestive system, affect the teeth, the hair and the nails.Some celebrities that have had problems with bulimia are Lady Diana, lady Gaga and Sir Elton John. Binge eating disorder is characterised with over consumption of food even when one is not hungry, obesity and feeling of guilt. This condition is usually caused by depression and different problems at work or in the family. People start eating more and more to feel better. The affected are usually ashamed of themselves, tend to hide and eat alone. This disease may cause diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, bone deterioration, stroke and even death. The se ven-year-old Jessica Gaude is regarded as the fattest child in the world with her 222kg.These are only a few examples of the seventy million registered cases of eating disorders. However, if all these people receive help that will make them realise their condition and they may change their way of living forever. All types of eating disorders involve unhealthy way of eating that begins gradually and reaches the point when it is extremely difficult to turn back. Everyone can fall victim to such diseases, so we should be careful with the people around us – our relatives and friends. If some of them suffer from an eating disorder they may not even realise it, so we ought to help them because this may save their lives. To Eat or Not to Eat To eat or not to eat? That is the question. â€Å"I have made an appointment to have my blood lipid levels checked, but I can't remember if my doctor mentioned fasting before the blood test. And I've heard that it is unnecessary to fast before a blood test. Is this true? † Nowadays, people are more concerned and aware of how much fat is in their diet. Having your blood lipid levels tested regularly is a good way to keep track of this. However, it is often inconvenient for many people to fast before a blood test as the idea of missing a meal can be disconcerting.A recent study, done by students of HUNT221 at the University of Otago, looks into the effect of blood lipid levels after consuming different types of meals, compared with fasting. In the experiment, total (plasma) cholesterol and triacylglycerol (1) concentrations were monitored between fasting and non-fasting blood tests. The aim of the investigation was to identify whether these lipid levels were raised by recently i ngested meals. Subjects were required to consume a high carbohydrate (CHO) or high fat meal with similar energy and protein content.The results obtained were necessary to determine if there was a post-prandial(2) effect on the true validity of the lipid concentrations. This is also useful for diagnosing blood lipid disorders such as high cholesterol. All subjects were required to provide a fasting blood sample to show a baseline for the lipid concentration. The fasting results showed a mean total cholestrol level of 4. 36 mmol/L and a mean triacylglyceride level of 1. 13 mmol/L. The study showed that the lipid concentrations between subjects who ingested a high carbohydrate meal and those fasting were similar.There were no significant value to show that the high carbohydrate meal had an effect on lipid levels in the blood. Triglyeride levels in CHOs are generally low(? ), explaining the little effect that a high CHO meal has on triglyercide levels in the blood. However not all foods high in CHO are low in triglycerides. For example, muffins which are considered to be high in CHO also have an elevated amount of hidden fat. So yes, that toast with your favourite low-fat spread is okay to have before going for your blood test. But always check with your GP first.When comparing the high fat and the fasting blood samples, it showed that there was a significant increase of 20% in total blood triacylglyceride concentrations. The total cholesterol concentration did not change significantly. This suggesting that by eating a high fat meal, the triacylglyceride levels will be affected; hence the blood test would not be accurate and would not provide a correct indication of actual lipid levels. Therefore, lipid intake should be kept to a minimum before a blood test. . Replacing standard dairy products for low-fat alternatives is better when considering eating before a blood test (3).Also look out for hidden lipids in foods high in carbohydrates by checking nutrition panel s on the packaging. So to answer your question, it is preferable to fast for 10 to 12 hours to avoid obtaining invalid results. However, if it is necessary to eat, avoid high fat foods such as bacon and eggs, or high fat spreads. Rather, you can opt for carbohydrate foods such as fruits and vegetables or breads and cereals. It is necessary however to keep in mind that these suggestions only apply when testing for blood lipids levels, if in doubt talk to your GP. To Eat or Not to Eat To Eat or Not to Eat In the twenty first century people have managed to clone animals and transplant organs but they still have not managed to cope with many serious diseases. Some of the most widely spread are the eating disorders – such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Even though many people underestimate them, they are extremely dangerous and even fatal. In order to prevent eating disorders, we should learn more about them. First of all, everyone can be affected by such diseases regardless their age, gender, race and place of living.However, the risk is higher, if one`s parents suffered from an eating disorder or if one is engaged with for instance dancing, modelling or cooking. It is worth mentioning that the psychological factor plays a very important role. Many young girls ‘give up’ eating because they want to look like the girls from the fashion magazines and the TV. But something that has started as an innocent diet or a bit of overweight, may destroy one`s health and life. There are a lot of types of eating disorders – the most notorious being anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.Anorexia nervosa is characterised with an extremely strong desire for losing weight and fear of gaining weight. It is believed social and family factors cause that condition. Nowadays society exerts a lot of pressure on people, especially girls and young women, to be thin and good looking. Many start starvation diets and become obsessed with their weight which can easily lead to anorexia nervosa. Most people who suffer from it do not realise that they have a problem and believe they are obese even though their body mass is less than 35kg. One of the most extreme examples is that of Lauren Bailey who dropped below 20kg.Fortunately, she managed to cope with her terrible condition unlike many other women. Bulimia nervosa is characterised with periods of extreme overeating and binging followed by gui lt and depression that usually lead to intentional vomiting. It is another example of eating disorder caused by social and family factors. However, many people who have digestive problems may also suffer from bulimia nervosa. These are people who haven`t found medical solution of their problems and try to find one themselves. This condition may cause more problems with the digestive system, affect the teeth, the hair and the nails.Some celebrities that have had problems with bulimia are Lady Diana, lady Gaga and Sir Elton John. Binge eating disorder is characterised with over consumption of food even when one is not hungry, obesity and feeling of guilt. This condition is usually caused by depression and different problems at work or in the family. People start eating more and more to feel better. The affected are usually ashamed of themselves, tend to hide and eat alone. This disease may cause diabetes, heart disease, kidney disease, bone deterioration, stroke and even death. The se ven-year-old Jessica Gaude is regarded as the fattest child in the world with her 222kg.These are only a few examples of the seventy million registered cases of eating disorders. However, if all these people receive help that will make them realise their condition and they may change their way of living forever. All types of eating disorders involve unhealthy way of eating that begins gradually and reaches the point when it is extremely difficult to turn back. Everyone can fall victim to such diseases, so we should be careful with the people around us – our relatives and friends. If some of them suffer from an eating disorder they may not even realise it, so we ought to help them because this may save their lives.

Assumption Used in the Analysis and Completion of Report and Justifications

Premise Used the Analysis and Completion of Report and Justifications Pull offing human resource, order and supplies of resource Pull offing of human resources use to inspect the activities from get downing to the terminal of the building work. So, a good undertaking direction must smartly prosecute the efficient feat of labour. In this subdivision, Numberss of specializer participate, sum of hired workers or employee and name listing will listed out. About workers, we about hire 65 workers and guarantee those workers are legal. Pull offing the human resources is able to do certain the undertaking can run with swimmingly, because if delay occupation in either one subdivision, it will impact the undermentioned activities. So, the continuance to managing of human resources will meet for 1 hebdomad and another 1 hebdomad will supply as to order and supplies the resources, such as edifice stuffs. Why order the edifice stuffs need usage of 1 hebdomad to finish? Because telling a quality of stuffs is an highly of import subdivision in building procedure. The high quality of stuffs will be chosen in full edifice proc edure which to concern about user safety while they are utilizing. So, this subdivision should be pull off decently and to guarantee that we have sufficient clip to obtain the quality and necessary edifice stuffs. Leveling of land and stacking This subdivision ; dimensioning, grading of land and stacking foundation should pull off with decently because it will impact the full building procedure. We had measured good about the size of land we needed before the building commence. After that, we will get down leveling the land after the size of land is confirmed. After completion of those, so began stacking foundation. A foundation is need to back up the weight of whole edifice. So, a proper foundation work is indispensable to guarantee that the base construction is stable, strong and able to defy all of the burden. This full subdivision have entire 30 workers will delegate to this occupation and will be taken entire 6 hebdomads to finish and it including issue that delay the work such as errors in dirt study, bad conditions conditions and others. Drain system The drainage system besides need to pull off with decently because it may do all kinds of jobs to develop. For illustration, pipes to barricade, it may do the toilet’s drainage is non smooth, the H2O will go ponding, which is H2O that’s non traveling off and it will do people incommodiousness. So, this subdivision must be managed with decently and to guarantee that job will non go on. In this subdivision, there are entire 20 workers and 4 hebdomads will be taken to finish it. Footing and columns four of floor block After finish grading of land, stacking and drainage system’s subdivision, so will get down of terms and columns four of floor block. Footing are the parts of of import subdivision in building phase. Normally, they are reinforced with concrete and rebar has been poured to unearth trenches. After that, workers should detect the concrete has no snap when the concrete wholly dry. In this procedure, it is necessitate a long clip to allow the concrete prohibitionist before carry on the following activities. Hence, entire 30 workers and 12 hebdomads will be taken to carry on this subdivision. Constructing floor slab, walls, doors, window and paseo After complete those subdivision, will get down edifice floor slab, walls, doors, window and paseo on each floor. Constructing shocking slabs should pull off with decently, because it’s used to defy all of the burden. So, we had make certain that the concrete floor slab panel are put ining at edifice building are high quality, to guarantee that it can defy all of the burden. Constructing the floor slab better cautiousness on it because it may ensue in serious snap job and slab remission, particularly in slab placed on hapless undersoil. After that, they will get down to construct a walls, window, doors and paseo. Door size, paseos and stepss is to guarantee the flows of pupils are smooth when they enter or exit the schoolroom. The steps besides will functioning every bit 2 rows at each floor. This full subdivision have 35 workers to delegate this occupation and will taken entire 14 hebdomads to finish and it including issue that delay the work such as hurts of worker, bad cond itions conditions and others. Concept roofing and ceiling board Roofing is the first bed to cover the top portion of the edifice to forestall leaking of rain H2O or exposed from the sunshine. To avoid roofing destroy by natural jeopardies, choice stuff of roof should be chosen to get the better of harm issues such as blowing of strong air current, storms, rain and others. Then about the ceiling board, the gypsum board has been chosen to construct up the ceiling following by the roof constructed complete. In order to avoid the ceiling board easy broken and may do pupils injured, build the ceiling board should be managed by decently. We had chosen the high quality of gypsum board to construct up the ceiling and guarantee that it could non easy harm. This subdivision, entire 25 workers and 7 hebdomads will be taken to carry on it. Construct the rain trough After finish concept the roofing and ceiling board, will get down to build the rain trough. The primary map of rain trough is to direct rain from the roof of the edifice to the land, in such a manner it does non damage the edifice with easy. As like that, TARUC besides can no necessitate pass money to rework the edifice in a short clip. About this subdivision, will be taken entire 5 workers and 3 hebdomads to finish it. Construct divider walls About concept divider walls this subdivision, we will build a movable divider walls between schoolrooms to move as an intermediate units. Because, it has multi-function. For illustration, when pupils during test, all of the divider walls can be moved to transform the schoolrooms into a hall to go the exam locale. As like that, it can salvage topographic point and salvage cost. The classrooms transform into a hall can suit more pupils when they are assemble and TARUC besides can salvage cost, need non to construct another hall to go a pupil test locale. Construct divider walls, will be taken entire 15 workers and 4 hebdomads to finish. Construct the public toilet, tiling, repairing of lavatories fixtures and equipment In order to allow pupils no demand to travel to the lavatory so far off, we will be concept 1 male public toilet and 1 female public toilet with 6 lavatories at each floor. It’s in order to do them more convenience. In order to allow pupils are safety and avoid go oning accident when usage the lavatory, we will take antiskid tiling to go a toilet’s tile. It’s avoid people slip easy. Then, the fixture and equipment of lavatory which are include wash basins, H2O pipe, drier and other. Complete this subdivision, will be taken entire 25 workers and 6 hebdomads to carry on. Internal picture In this subdivision, odorless, eco-friendly, non-toxic and easy maintained pigment will be chosen. The colour chosen for picture is of import because in order to construct a comfy acquisition and learning country. The wall will be painted in 2 beds. 1 bed is an underpainting and another bed will be a white colour pigment. 15 workers will delegate in this occupation and estimated clip for the internal picture occupation brush for 2 hebdomads as unskilled labour may detain the velocity to finish the occupation. Installation of electrical supplies, electrical lighting and fixture system In this subdivision, the most complicated subdivision are install wiring and electric socket, it should put in decently to guarantee that the electricity able connect to overseas telegram. Lightning is of import to a schoolrooms, we need to guarantee that pupils can see the white board and projector screen with clearly when coach instruction, we had chosen a bright visible radiation. Furthermore, we besides choose the types of illuming are low electromotive force electrical system and energy salvaging to salvage cost on electric measure and protect environment every bit good. 10 workers will in charge in this subdivision and the continuance to transport on this subdivision will take entire 5 hebdomads. Install the fire water faucet equipment The fire hydrant equipment is necessary equipment that need to put in near the edifice because if happen fire incident, it can direct decide job. So, it is highly of import to a whole edifice. About install the fire hydrant equipment we will managed with decently, we need to guarantee that the fire water faucet can be used with swimmingly when have pressing demand. Complete this subdivision, will be taken entire 5 workers and 5 hebdomads to carry on. Install the H2O dispenser equipment at each floor In a hot twenty-four hours, H2O dispenser equipment can said that is highly of import to a pupil, because they need a batch of H2O to quench. In order to allow pupils can imbibe H2O at anytime, anyplace in the hot twenty-four hours, we are install the H2O dispenser equipment at each paseo, its let pupils can acquire the H2O with more convenience and guarantee that they are non H2O deficit. The H2O dispenser has provide hot and cold H2O to allow the pupils chosen. Install this equipment will take entire 5 workers and 4 hebdomads to finish it. Puting of floor rubrics, Windowss and doors After finish install those equipment, following should be puting the floor rubrics, installing of Windowss and doors. The doors for entryway or issue should be equip with the maps of slow and quite closing to a tight sound when it’s to the full closed. Besides, the stepss and paseo should construct in proper size and way to avoid the deformation learning procedure in advancement. This subdivision, will be taken entire 15 workers and 5 hebdomads to carry on. Construct the landscapes on new schoolroom block In order to allow a pupils have a fresh and beautiful environment, we will set a assorted types of flowers and trees in the garden. The trees can cut down the air temperature by barricading sunshine and it besides can shadow difficult surface countries, such as pavements and edifice therefore minimising landscape heat burden. Hence, we set up a chairs under the tree in order to allow pupils can discourse assignment or chit-chat at that topographic point during a break times. The landscapes at new schoolroom block, we will take entire 10 workers and 2 hebdomads to build and it including issue that delay the work such as bad conditions conditions. External picture After finish concept the landscapes, we will get down the external picture. The picture merchandises are chosen rainproof, odourless, acerb and fungus resistant to avoid utmost rain H2O or hot conditions affects the edifice mentality. External picture besides will be painted in 2 beds. 1 beds is underpainting and another bed is peach colour pigment and unite some design. 10 workers will delegate in this occupation and estimated clip for the external picture occupation brush for 2 hebdomads as unskilled labour and upwind conditions may detain the velocity to finish the occupation. Puting and repairing the air conditioning system, fans and light bulb Puting the air conditioner system and fans is to heighten plenty air supply to present a cool air around the schoolroom, there are entire 2 air conditioners and 3 fans which are environmental friendly will be puting. The types of air conditioner and fan should run with noiseless operation, it is to forestall pupils will disturbance from noise when they attend categories. There are 10 workers and entire 5 hebdomads times will be taken including clip taken in care occupation. Puting and repairing the computing machine equipment, projector, projector screen and white board Puting computing machine equipment, projector, projector screen and white board is required in schoolrooms. The computing machine should put in to the projector to enable coach show information at the projector screen. And the projector should high quality which to guarantee that the information are show from the projector are clearly. The size of white board should be larger in order to allow coach able to compose extra information. Puting for this subdivision, entire 10 workers to delegate this occupation and will take entire 4 hebdomads times including error or faulty occur in puting procedure. Puting and repairing of tabular arraies, chairs, talker, mike, dais and host station The size of schoolrooms able accommodate around 30 pupils ; the tabular arraies with chairs will be provided with 30 set to enable 30 pupils to utilize. Besides, the schoolrooms besides will puting a talker and mike, it is enable full pupils can listen with clearly when coach is use mike instruction at the host station. Podium besides needed as coach can put their paperss or file while learning. Puting for this subdivision will take entire 5 workers and 4 hebdomads to finish. Beautifying, touchup and signage After completed puting all system and equipment, will get down beautifying and touchup the edifice. We had to touchup the exterior paintwork where it was necessary in order to lift ocular perceptual experience. The signage of new schoolroom block will be a ‘Block W’ , and this signage will construct every bit large as possible at wall of the edifice in order to allow pupils can comprehend with easy. About each schoolrooms of signage will put as ‘W001’ until ‘W024’ . This subdivision, 5 workers will to delegate it and will take 2 hebdomads to carry on. Clearing and cleansing In glade and cleansing occupations, we will clean up up all of the equipment are used in the building edifice. Besides, we besides need to clean the full edifice of schoolrooms to do certain that the classroom’s environment are clean and free from dust before a coachs and pupils get downing utilizing. This full subdivision will lend by 5 workers and used for 1 hebdomad to behavior. Authority cheque for safety business This subdivision is the last and besides is the most of import subdivision in this full procedure. Because it’s to do certain that the installations are safety and able to work. Electric contraptions such as electric socket, illuming and air conditioner should be trial. Equipment such as computing machine, projector and projector screen and others should re-examine to guarantee that there are able to work when tutor start to utilize. Ceiling board and Windowss should be examined every bit good to forestall leaking of rainwater while raining. Hence, this subdivision will take 1 hebdomads to finish and after, this full procedure can be said to be finished. 1. Introduction/ Description on Undertaking This undertaking is an enlargement of schoolrooms undertaking in TAR UC in chief campus which is located in Setapak country, Kuala Lumpur. We are building a block of 4 storey walk-up schoolrooms. This undertaking will take an estimated of 78 weeks/ 20 months. The intent of this undertaking is to run into and work out the job of insufficient schoolrooms due to raising figure of pupils in TAR UC. Other than merely constructing more schoolrooms we besides intend to supply a more comfy learning environment to lectors and better larning environment to pupils. Therefore, this undertaking requires elaborate planning and organizing. In this undertaking, we are building 8 schoolrooms on each floor, so there will be a sum of 32 schoolrooms. In order to supply a good-condition acquisition environment, we will put in a white board, dais, host station, 30 sets of tabular array and chair, 2 air conditioners and 4 ceiling fans. Air conditioner that we are traveling to put in in schoolrooms are inverted air conditioner as this merchandise will non let go of harmful gases that will finally harm student’s wellness. To help the lecturers’ learning in category, we will so fit the schoolrooms with some installations. For illustration projector screens projector, talker, mike and besides computing machine. Other than that, we will do a movable divider between schoolrooms to move as intermediate units. All the dividers can be moved to change over the schoolroom into a hall for other uses for illustration to go an exam locale during test. 2 rows of stairway are planned for each floor. One male public toilet and one female public toilet with 6 lavatories will be constructed at each floor. Students will non hold to wait long in the public toilet as more lavatories are provided. 5. Opinions, Recommendations and Decisions Sing to the premises of telling building stuffs or any natural stuffs needed from different providers, this may increase the edifice cost for this undertaking. For illustration, we might necessitate to pay excess for logistic, transit or workers fees. After all, we need to see the bringing clip of stuffs. Therefore, we recommend that telling of building and natural stuffs are better from providers that provide good quality stuffs and besides bringing of stuffs to building site. This will straight assist to cut down a spot of the building cost in this undertaking. Besides that, conditions during the whole building undertaking will impact the advancement of building work. We assume workers can non work on raining yearss. For any hold of completion work after the agreed day of the month, builder will be fined and it might besides impact the college’s agreement of category division for new semester. Hence, we recommend constructing collapsible shelters at building site. Besides, workers have to guarantee that certain natural stuffs could non acquire wet. Workers’ advancement could be slow during raining twenty-four hours even with collapsible shelters provided. However, workers do non hold the alibi to halt working wholly and merely acquire back to work until the rain Michigans. In add-on, we include the healthy job about the employee like they may vomit or acquire injured in working, so we should purchase them insurance. So, we should engage more employees in order to forestall the hold of building work due to absent of employee. Furthermore, employee satisfaction will straight act upon the full procedure, therefore we should supply standard measure of nutrient for them while working. This will assist to diminish the feeding clip, better the energy and satisfaction of worker and take the building work complete expeditiously. As building workers will be working in college’s compound, safety of all including pupils and lectors need to be put in precedence. So we need the individuality and listing of all the building workers to guarantee workers are legal. College need to work with the building company that has good repute and efficient.